Back in college I compiled a long list of Physic, Math,
Electrical even Greek abbreviations and symbols all thanks to a modern
e-library build by the government. I study them and came to realized that those small
pieces of information students neglect are very important when it come to
engineering field, because most of these abbreviations are always asked in
tests, exams and even interviews. However since it a very long list I will like
to write first on Electrical and physics in this article and release math and
Greek in the next article and more abbreviation and symbol in future post, OK let’s get down to the lists.
Electrical/Physics Units.
Abbreviated unit
|
Unit
|
Unit definition
|
A/amp
|
Ampere
|
The ampere is the basic
unit of electrical current(I)
|
AC
|
Alternating current
|
An alternating current
is a periodically reverses of electric current
|
Ah
|
Ampere-hour
|
A unit of electrical
charge equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour
in a circuit.(equal to 3600 coulombs )
|
At
|
Ampere-turns
|
It’s is the unit of
electromotive force represented by a direct current of one ampere flowing in
a single turn in a loop.
|
C
|
coulomb
|
The amount of electric
charge carried by a current of one ampere flowing for one second.
|
0C
|
Degree Celsius
|
A unit of measurement
for temperature were 0 0C for freezing and 100 0C for
boiling point.
|
CP
|
Candle power
|
A unit use to express
luminous intensity, equal to 0.981 candelas.
|
Cal
|
Calorie
|
The energy needed to
increase the temperature of a given mass of water by 1 °C
|
Cd
|
Candela
|
It’s the basic unit of
luminous intensity.
|
DC
|
Direct current
|
An electric current
flowing in one direction only.
|
ECE
|
Electrochemical
equivalent
|
Electrochemical
equivalent of a substance may be defined as the mass of the substance
deposited when a current of 1Ampere is passed for 1 Second.
|
EMF
|
Electromotive force
|
A difference in
potential that tends to give rise to an electric current.
|
eV
|
Electron volt
|
a unit of energy equal
to the work done on an electron in accelerating it through a potential
difference of one volt.
|
F
|
farad
|
The SI unit of
electrical capacitance, equal to the capacitance of a capacitor in which one
coulomb of charge causes a potential difference of one volt.
|
g
|
gram
|
A metric unit of mass
equal to one thousandth of a kilogram.
|
H
|
Henry
|
the SI unit of
inductance, equal to an electromotive force of one volt in a closed circuit
with a uniform rate of change of current of one ampere per second.
|
Hz
|
Cycles per second
|
The SI unit of
frequency, equal to one cycle per second.
|
hp
|
Horsepower
|
An imperial unit of
power equal to 550 foot-pounds per second (about 750 watts).
|
0k
|
Degree Kelvin
|
The SI base unit of
thermodynamic temperature, equal in magnitude to the degree Celsius.
|
kg
|
kilogram
|
Kilogram is the basic
unit of mass
|
kcal
|
Kilocalorie
|
A unit of energy of one
thousand calories (equal to one large calorie).
|
kHz
|
Kilo-hertz
|
A measure of frequency
equivalent to 1,000 cycles per second.
|
kw
|
Kilowatt(s)
|
A measure of one
thousand watts of electrical power.
|
kwH
|
kilowatt hour(s)
|
The kilowatt hour is a
unit of energy equal to 3.6 mega joules. If the energy is being transmitted
or used at a constant rate over a period of time, the total energy in
kilowatt hours is the power in kilowatts multiplied by the time in hours
|
KVA
|
Kilovolts-ampere
|
a unit of electrical
power equal to 1000 volt-amperes. Power unit - a measure of electric
power. volt-ampere - a unit of electrical power in an AC circuit
equal to the power dissipated when 1 volt produces a current of 1ampere.
|
LM
|
Lumen
|
the SI unit of luminous
flux, equal to the amount of light emitted per second in a unit solid angle
from a uniform source of one candela.
|
M
|
Metre
|
The fundamental unit of
length in the metric system, equal to 100 centimetres or approximately 39.37
inches.
|
min
|
Minute
|
The minute is a unit of
time, a period of time equal to sixty seconds or a sixtieth of an
hour.
|
m.c
|
Metre-candle
|
The derived SI unit of
illumination equal to a luminous flux of 1 lumen per square metre. 1 lux is
equivalent to 0.0929 foot-candle. Symbol: lx
|
M.H.C.P
|
Mean Horizontal Candle
Power
|
MEAN HORIZONTAL
CANDLEPOWER refers to HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION. Owing to
the shape of filaments the greatest part of light from most filament lamps is
given sideways (perpendicular to the filament). The light will have different
intensities (candlepower) in different horizontal directions.
|
M.H.S.C.P
|
Mean Hemi Spherical
Candle Power
|
The average value of
the candle-power in all directions above or below a horizontal plane passing
through the source; called the upper or lower mean hemispherical candle-power
according to the candle-power is measured above or below the horizontal plane
through the source.
|
µf
|
Microfarad
|
One millionth of a
farad.
|
M.K.S.A
|
Metre Kilogram Second
Ampere
|
Relating to the system of units in which the meter, kilogram, second,
and ampere are the principal units of length, mass, time, and electric current.
|
MΩ
|
Mega ohms
|
How many ohms in
1 mega ohm? The answer is 1000000. ... The SI derived unit for electric
resistance is the ohm. 1 ohm is equal to 1.0E-6
mega ohm.
|
M.M.F
|
Magneto Motive Force
|
The standard unit
of magneto motive force is the ampere-turn (AT), represented
by a steady, direct electrical current of one ampere (1 A) flowing in a
single-turn loop of electrically conducting material in a vacuum. Sometimes a
unit called the Gilbert (G) is used to quantify magneto motive force.
|
M.S.C.P
|
Mean Spherical Candle
Power
|
A unit of measure
that represents the average output of a light source measured in all
directions (360°)
|
MW
|
Mega Watt
|
The megawatt
(MW) is equal to one million (106) watts.
|
N
|
Newton(s)
|
The SI unit of force.
It is equal to the force that would give a mass of one kilogram an
acceleration of one metre per second per second, and is equivalent to 100,000
dynes.
|
P.d
|
Potential difference or
potential drop
|
the difference of
electric potential between two points.
|
P.F
|
Power Factor
|
The power
factor of an AC electrical
power system is defined as the ratio of
the real power flowing to
the load to the power in the apparent circuit, and is a dimensionless
number in closed interval -1 to 1..
|
rad
|
Radian(s)
|
The radian is the SI
unit for measuring angles, and is the standard unit of angular measure used
in many areas of mathematics.
|
rev
|
Revolutions
|
The time for one revolution around
the circle is referred to as the period and denoted by the
symbol T.
|
R.M.S
|
Root Mean Square
|
The square root of the
arithmetic mean of the squares of a set of values.
OR
RMS is the value of the
direct current that dissipates power in a resistor.
|
R.P.M
|
Revolutions Per Minute
|
It’s is the measure of
the frequency of rotation, specifically the number of rotation around a fixed
axis in one minute. Can also be measure in second (RPS).
|
s
|
Second
|
Second is the basic
unit of time in (SI unit of system)
|
S
|
Siemens
|
the SI unit of
conductance, equal to one reciprocal ohm
|
V
|
Volt (s)
|
The SI unit of electromotive
force, the difference of potential that would carry one ampere of current
against one ohm resistance.
|
VA
|
Volt-Ampere(s)
|
It’s is the unit use
for the apparent power in an electrical circuit, equal to the product of
root-mean-square voltage and current
|
VAR
|
Reactive Volt- Ampere
|
Volt-ampere reactive (var)
is a unit by which reactive power is expressed in an AC electric power
system. Reactive power exists in an AC circuit when the current and voltage
are not in phase.
|
Wb
|
Weber(s)
|
the SI unit of magnetic
flux, causing the electromotive force of one volt in a circuit of one turn
when generated or removed in one second.
|
W
|
Watt(s)
|
The SI unit of power,
equivalent to one joule per second.
|
WH
|
Watt Hour(s)
|
A measure of electrical
energy equivalent to a power consumption of one watt for one hour.
|
Electrical/ physics symbols.
A
|
Ampere
|
B
|
Magnetic Flux density
|
C
|
Capacitance
|
D
|
Electric Flux density, Diffusion Constant
|
E
|
Electromotive Force, Electric Field Strength,
Illumination.
|
e
|
Base of natural logarithms, induced e.m.f,
instantaneous value of alternating e.m.f, electron charge.
|
F
|
Force, Luminous flux
|
f
|
Frequency
|
G
|
Conductance, Gain
|
g
|
Gravitational acceleration, conductance,
Trans-conductance
|
H
|
Magnetic field Strength or Magnetising force
|
I
|
Current, moment of inertia, luminous intensity
|
i
|
Instantaneous value of alternating current
|
J
|
Intensity of magnetisation, current density
|
j
|
Vector operator
|
K
|
Form factor
|
E0
|
Permittivity of free space
|
Er
|
Relative permittivity of a medium
|
L
|
Self- inductance
|
l
|
Length, azimuthal quantum number
|
M
|
Mutual inductance, molecular weight, moment of
inertia
|
m
|
Mass
|
N
|
Number of turn, speed in rev/min.
|
n
|
Number, speed in rev/s, principal quantum number
|
P
|
Power, number of poles in machine
|
p
|
Instantaneous power in ac circuit
|
Q
|
Electric Charge
|
R
|
Resistance
|
r
|
Radius, resistance
|
S
|
Reluctance
|
s
|
Slip
|
T
|
Time period, torque, absolute temperature
|
V
|
Potential difference
|
v
|
Velocity, Voltage
|
W
|
Work, energy, Power
|
X
|
Reactance
|
Y
|
Admittance
|
Z
|
Impendence, number of armature conductors,
electrochemical equivalent
|
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